On the results of the variety case of Chrysanthemum x Hortorum in the conditions of the South Ural

Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey is a perennial plant of hybrid origin, widely spread in the field of green building, thanks to a long, abundant and colorful bloom. But its introduction into the climatic zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is limited by the absence of varieties adapted to local conditions and a reasonable assortment. In connection with this, it is important to study the activity of the breeders of the Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (L.A. Tukhvatullina, L.N. Mironova, G.V. Shipaeva, Z.H. Shigapov), analysis of the collection fund of the Bashkirian varieties of Ch.× hortorum and choise of the best cultivars for green building and amateur floriculture in the region. The article describes in detail the history of the creation of a fund of hybrid seedlings of chrysanthemums, starting from 2000, the methods of pollination used by specialists, as well as the original parental forms, are listed. As a result of the phenological observations carried out in 2012-2017 in 62 varieties of Ch.× hortorum selection of the Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences has established that all the cultivars studied in the flowering period are divided into three groups: early, middle and late. Most varieties are long-flowering. An analysis of the decorative qualities of the studied objects showed that the samples with the closed form of the bush, semi-double large inflorescences of purple color predominate. When assessing the decorative qualities on a 100-point scale, it was revealed that 12 varieties of Ch.× hortorum scored the maximum number of points (96-99). They have large inflorescences of pure and original color, are resistant to unfavorable conditions and have a long flowering period. The remaining varieties are estimated to have fewer points (90-95). These cultivars were medium-resistant to adverse conditions of inflorescence or a short and fragile flower stalk. Thus, all varieties of Ch.× hortorum of Bashkir breeders can be recommended for wider application as a late beautiful flowering culture in the practice of gardening and horticulture for the Republic of Bashkortostan.