The role of diversification of foreign economic relations in the strategy of Russian energy companies

The article explores the role of diversification of foreign economic relations in the strategic development of Russian energy companies in the context of sanctions pressure and structural changes in global markets. The key directions of diversification are analyzed, including geographical reorientation, commodity diversity, financial mechanisms and partnership cooperation. The impact of these processes on the sustainability of business models, technological modernization and competitiveness of companies is considered. Particular attention is paid to the challenges of high costs, political risks and infrastructural constraints. The conclusion emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to diversification, combining adaptation measures and long-term investments, as well as the role of state support in creating favorable institutional conditions.