Comparative efficiency of innovative units "Tuman" (sprayer and multi-injector) LLC "Pegas-Agro" when applying liquid fertilizers CAM

In accordance with the increasing demand of farmers for liquid fertilizers due to their more effective characteristics, especially in connection with the predicted global warming with a possible increase and more frequent repetition of droughts in the regions of Russia, Samara State Agrarian University conducts research on the development of innovative technologies with various technical means for effective application liquid fertilizers based on carbamide-ammonia mixture - CAM when they are filled with deficient meso-elements (sulfur - S) and micro-elements (copper, zinc, boron, etc.) on the main agricultural crops (in our studies - winter wheat). By itself, the form of CAM fertilizers, among other things, has a positive prolonging effect for plants due to nitrogen from the three components - nitrate (8%), ammonium (8%) and amide (16%), with only amide nitrogen absorbed by plants through the leaves, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of fertilizers by complex nutrition through leaves and roots. Technical means for applying sufficiently aggressive, burning the leaf surface of CAM plants are of decisive importance in their diverse design. In connection with these circumstances, the Samara State Agrarian University conducted the necessary studies and the article examines the comparative effectiveness of the application of liquid nitrogen-sulfur-containing mineral fertilizers CAM+S using various technologies: superficially on the plant sprayer with large-drop or deflector nozzles and intrasoil-injection - multi-injector. The conducted studies have established the predominant influence of innovative Russian multi-injector units "Tuman-2M" produced by LLC "Pegas-Agro" (Samara) on the yield of winter wheat of the "Basis" variety of the Samara Research Institute in comparison with the rod sprayer "Tuman-2" by almost 20% at the rate of application of CAM+S - 200 l/ha with improved grain quality, which increases the efficiency of agricultural production. At the same time, the results of experiments confirmed a significant, more effective effect of liquid fertilizers CAM+S on the yield of winter wheat from 20% to 60% compared to crops without fertilizers.