Noise pollution in the areas of the water-green framework of Perm and Kazan

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of a water-green framework as a tool for integrating the natural environment into urban space. A comparative study of noise pollution in various zones of the water-green frame-work of the cities of Perm and Kazan has been conducted. In Perm, the noise level in the main watercourse area varies from 59,2 dB in the historical core to 66,7 dB in the area adjacent to the historical center, while in the tributary area of the main watercourse it decreases to 46,7-59,3 dB. In Kazan, noise levels are slightly higher in the inflow zone: from 54,5 dB in the historical core to 64,5 dB in the adjacent area, while in the main watercourse area, noise ranges from 48,5 dB in the outer zones to 62,7 dB in the center. The results of the study emphasize the influence of architectural planning solutions and natural characteristics on the noise state of urban areas. Green spaces as part of a water-green framework can reduce noise levels by 10-15%, which, however, does not always ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Promising measures include the formation of multi-tiered landscaped "screens", the use of plant species with high noise-absorbing capacity, as well as consideration of relief and layout of territories. The experience of Perm and Kazan can be adapted for use in other large cities in order to reduce noise exposure and improve the environmental situation.