Mixed millet sowings with high-protein crops for fodder production in the Pre-Baikal region

In the conditions of the Pre-Baikal Region in 2018-2021 on the fields of the Irkutsk Research Institute of Agriculture, scientific research was carried out with the study of agrotechnological methods of cultivating mixed sowings of millet with high-protein crops to identify the most promising ways and volumes of pollution and the quality of green mass. As objects of research in the experiment, the following were studied: millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) - Kazan fodder; field peas (pelyushka) (Pisum sativum L.) - Eureka; spring vetch (Vicia sativa L.) - Lyuba; spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) - Frigate. The experiment is laid according to the following scheme: millet in its single-species sowing and a mixture with high-protein crops with a normal sowing of 70 + 50 %. Accounting and harvesting of the plant mass was carried out regularly for two periods: the first period - the end of piping and the second - the complete heading of millet. It was revealed that the highest yield of the vegetative mass (13.1 in the first cut and 18.8 t/ha in the second on average for 4 years) was determined in the millet-rapeseed mixture. When recalculated for dry matter, in the first harvesting period, a single-species sowing of millet stood out, where the dry matter yield was 2.6 t/ha, and in the second, 4.4 t/ha was provided by the variant of millet with vetch. Studies have established that the energy and protein nutritional value of feed depends on the types of plants in the grass mixture and the timing of harvesting. The highest content of exchangeable energy (10.8 MJ/kg) was in the first cut of millet-rapeseed crops, and in the second case its concentration decreased by 0.5 MJ/kg. Provision with digestible protein 140.7 g/feed units in the deviation of grass mowing was determined in the variant of millet 70 + vetch 50 %, in the second harvest period, the protein content decreased by 17.4 g.