Social group of kulaks as an object of scientific analysis

(On a group of kulaks, as an example) the objectivistic and constructivist methodology of studying the social inequality in post-revolutionary village in domestic historiography is analyzed. The authors approach to studying the theme within the frames of structuralistic-constructivist conceptual model which allows to disclose the determining role of the state in structurization of new social space of Russia/the USSR is substantiated. The mechanism of dictatorial construction of a group of kulaks is shown and the conclusion on the necessity to refuse from definition of terms of kulak and rural exploiters as synonyms is made. Kulaks is a social group of peasants which were exposed to discrimination and reprisals on sociopolitical motives. It included different social and economic groups of agricultural population (including rural exploiters).