Social-philosophical theory of M. M. Filippov

The article is focused on social and philosophical ideas of M.M. Filippov, the Russian scientist and thinker of the second half of the XIX century. The author thinks that historically the concept of the scientist is interesting in the aspect of building up an objective picture of the main trends and directions in Russian philosophy of the specified period. Conceptually, the theoretical judgments of the thinker are topical in regard to the issues of human evolution, progressive development of society, solutions of contemporary global problems of society. The article states that the originality of Filippov's philosophy is determined by combining the natural-scientific principles of evolution, philosophical theory of realism and social ideas of solidarity in determining the conditions of social progress. Such approach is considered as an alternative to the traditional forma-tional approach. The idea of multifactor evolutionary process and existence of a dominant factor of development in a certain historical stage is denoted as the main philosophical concept of Filippov. Compared to subjectivist judgments of Mikhailovsky, it is shown that solidary activities of humans are a natural and progressive mechanism of society evolution. The dominant factor of this development is the intellect (the mind). The conclusion is that social and philosophical ideas of Filippov demonstrate an important point of origin of a new cognitive paradigm, namely, for the construction of knowledge and experience in comprehension of human existence, of essential importance is the individual, his psychological characteristics, his objective and intellectual ability to interpret creatively the facts of the reality.