Social and cultural reality of the Islamic world in the aspect of the Wallerstein's theory

Philosophical understanding of truth is characterized by its variability. It means that in science, any fundamental research cannot be acknowledged as completely adequate to reality in all times. Objective laws that are fully explained the reality in the past, after some time come in discrepancy with reality. And that why we have a problematic situation when the old scientific theories do not explain modern society. For example, the current situation in the Levant, when after coexisting peacefully for centuries, Sunni Muslims and Shiite Muslims began a civil war, it is impossible to explain using conventional methods. These and other paradoxical socio-cultural phenomena are subjected to an objective analysis of the basis of world-system method by Immanuel Wallerstein. He criticizes the classical methodology of the XIX century, and substantiates the need of systematic and comprehensive analysis of existing social events. This article is one of the variants of analysis of the phenomenal developments in Islamic civilization in view of the Wallerstein’s theory.