The contents of pollutants in different parts of the white mustard plant

Heavy metals, characterized by high toxicity, accumulating in soil and plants and spreading through trophic chains, pose a significant threat not only to humans, but also to crops. Not all crops have the same ability to absorb chemical compounds from the soil. Mustard has the ability to accumulate in seeds and biomass pollutants. Taking into account the biological features of white mustard, in modern environmental conditions we should not forget about such an important biochemical indicator as an elemental composition, which must meet hygienic requirements and contain a minimum amount of heavy metals. The content of heavy metals is determined by the ecological growing area, genetic features of the variety and the conditions of the year. Studies have been carried out on the accumulation of heavy metals (iron, copper, zinc, lead, nickel) in roots, stems, leaves and seeds of white mustard varieties. The studied varieties of white mustard (Rhapsody, Lugovskaya, VNIIMC-518) accumulate more heavy metals in the roots, and less in seeds; seeds, root and white mustard leaves most contain Fe, and least of all Ni. During the years of research in the seeds of white mustard varieties, the lead content increased by 3-4 times. The results of the studies show the need for constant environmental monitoring of soil for heavy metals in the cultivation of crops, in particular white mustard. In the future, it is also possible to solve this issue when cultivating varieties of white mustard with low pollutants in seeds.