Radionuclide content in the soils and plants of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

The purpose of the research was to identify the level and patterns of the changes in the content of radionuclides in arable soils and crop production in the forest-steppe of Omsk Region. The research was based on the results of monitoring in 1994-2018 on reference sites. Also archival materials of radiological examination conducted by CAS "Omsk" were used. The noticing of presence of radionuclides in the soils of agricultural grounds and products of plant growing was carried out according to the standard techniques. The objects of the research were cultivated plants and soils: ordinary chernozem; meadow-chernozem soil; solonets meadow-chernozem deep. As a result of radiological inspection of arable horizon of soils of the forest-steppe zone of Omsk Region in 1994-2018 noticed the content of radionuclides and the assessment was made, the comparison with average values across Omsk Region and the Russian Federation was carried out for this purpose. The most important of them for the determination of the nature of pollution were differently accumulated 137Cs and 90Sr. Ionic exchange was the main mechanism of fixing 90Sr in the soil, and for 137Cs was also the exchange or as ion-exchange sorption on an internal surface of particles of the soil. The content of 90Sr, 137Cs, 40K in the soils did not exceed the average for the Russian Federation; 226Ra and 232Th exceeded the average for the region and for the Russian Federation. The concentration of 90Sr in the plants made 1.1 and 2.9, 137Cs of 5.6-15.4 Bq/kg. The coefficients of accumulation of radionuclides by plants (90Sr - from 0.54 to 2.1, 137Cs - from 0.47 to 1.64) corresponded to a weak level, and agricultural products did not accumulate them in dangerous quantities. Thus, given the low content of radionuclides in the soil and in crop production, the radiation situation in the forest-steppe zone of Omsk Region can be considered safe.