Ratio of the principles of protectionism and free trade in the economic policy of developing countries

The article is devoted to the study of trade policy regulation through the prism of mechanisms that restrict and stimulate external competition. The authors considered the principles of protectionism and free trade in the economic policy of developing countries, conducted a retrospective analysis of the application of measures to support free trade and measures to protect the national producer. It is noted that the global financial crisis has pushed the economic policy of developed and developing countries towards the establishment of indirect protective measures, including administrative barriers, complicated customs clearance procedures, sanitary and hygienic rules. The authors make the conclusion about the transformation of trade policy in modern conditions, the liberalization of international trade among individual clusters of countries with increasing restrictive measures not only to protect domestic competition, but also to restrict individual participants in trade relations in order to influence the behavior of the subject, which necessitates the adaptation of trade regulation mechanisms to effectively achieve national tactical short-term and strategic long-term national goals, this will require the intensification of interaction between subjects of both the state and business sectors, research, continuous monitoring, and forecasting of global trade trends, as well as flexible adaptation of economic strategies.