Improvement of tools for assessing import dependence and potential of import substitution in conditions of heterogeneity of the Russian Federation regions investment status

In the context of sanctions pressure, the task of stimulating industrial development and structural and technological modernization of the domestic economy by replacing imported means of production with domestic analogues and innovative developments becomes relevant. The purpose of the article is to offer a toolkit for assessing the import dependence and import substitution potential of the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of the heterogeneity of their investment status based on their clustering. It is proposed to assess the degree of import dependence and the potential of the region’s economy in 2 stages. At the first stage, the state of investment processes in the regions was established based on their distribution under the influence of various factors that reflect both quantitative and qualitative parameters of the investment state of the regions. The authors proceeded from the hypothesis that investments in fixed capital in the regions are distributed unevenly, the state of fixed assets is also different, since in some regions their renewal is faster than in others, the share of investments in machinery and equipment differs depending on the specialization of regional economies. At the second stage, an assessment was made of the integral indicators proposed in the work, characterizing import dependence and the potential for import substitution. It was revealed that the investment process in the Russian Federation has a significant heterogeneity and the regions with average GRP and fixed capital investment and a high share of investment in machinery and equipment have the greatest potential for import substitution.