Improvement of the technology for the extrusion of a four-component mixture with preliminary germination of one of the components

One of the promising methods of preparing grain for animal and poultry feeding is the extrusion of a mixture of cereals and legumes with the preliminary germination of one of the components. After conducting a study on the feed rations for different sex and age groups of animals, the rational percentage of cereals and legumes in the mixture was determined: wheat - 40%; soybeans - 20%; rapeseed - 20%; sprouted peas or corn - 20%. The research was conducted with two different options: option 1 - wheat, soybeans, rapeseed, sprouted peas in the ratio of mass fractions (40; 20; 20; 20) and option 2 - wheat, soy, rapeseed, sprouted corn (40; 20; 20; 20). The analysis to determine the nutritional value of the resulting extruded mixtures was carried out at a sanctioned laboratory. The technological scheme of a production line of extruded feed from a four-component grain mixture is proposed for production in agricultural organizations. In the first option, the extruded feed mixture showed the highest content of crude protein (23.00%), sugar (6.64%) and phosphorus (0.59%). In the second option, it showed the highest content of crude fat (12.90%), starch (34.30%), carotene (9 mg/kg), crude fiber (5.84%), calcium (1.00 g/kg), nitrogen-free extractive fraction (55.78%). When evaluating the economic efficiency of the introduction of the technology for the production of extruded feed from a four-component grain mixture with the germination of one of the components, three technologies were considered. The traditional one requires grain grinding, the basic one requires extrusion, the projected one requires extrusion with preliminary germination of one component. The results of the calculations indicate that the economic effect of the two options of the projected technology is on average 15.40% higher than in the traditional one and 14.34% than in the basic one.