Contemporary trends in underground urbanism

The article considers key trends and innovations in underground architecture, analyzes modern trends in underground spaces development, such as the global context, innovative projects, environmental sustainability, safety and comfort. The advantages of underground urbanization are considered: optimal use of above-ground space, maintaining the ecological balance, reducing the load on technological systems of buildings, primarily heating, the possibility of minimiz-ing the carbon footprint due to energy-efficient solutions. The disadvantages and problems associated with the development of underground space are identified: the high cost of implementing environmentally friendly technologies and possible dis-ruption of hydrological processes at construction sites. The article states the necessity of considering local characteristics in environmentally friendly designing solutions, the use of local materials, environmentally friendly and recyclable materials with a low carbon footprint, which helps to reduce the impact on the environment. Examples of projects in various areas of architecture are given: transport, pedestrian and technical communications, residential, public and commercial projects, large multifunctional spaces, both implemented and under development. The results allow us to conclude that underground urbanism is a popular and successfully developing modern architectural trend.