The creation of auxiliary historical disciplines in the European science of the new time (L. Valla, J. Mabillon, B. Montfaucon, A. Muratori)

In this article in the brief review the question of formation of auxiliary historical disciplines in the European science of the New time is considered. The paper also presents the terminology, definition, classification, ancient centers of occurrence of auxiliary historical disciplines. The main part of the article is devoted to the formation of rationalistic criticism of historical sources in Italy (the method of philological criticism that L. Valla applied to the Bible), development of diplomatica in France (rules of criticism and publication of historical sources developed by J. Mabillon and B. Monfokon) and the activities of the Italian historiographer and specialist in archaeography A. Muratori, the largest compiler of works on Church history. At the end of the article the conclusion is made about the connection between the ideas of humanists and followers of the Enlightenment and the formation of the scientific base of auxiliary historical disciplines (in particular, the fact that the development of auxiliary historical disciplines was greatly influenced by the activities of representatives of the Order of St. Benedict).