A way to enhance osseointegration of dental implants

Osseointegration is a biological phenomenon that involves becoming fused of a metal element with the living tissue. The relationship between nervous, endocrine and immune regulatory mechanisms of bone formation through biologically active mediators (ß-endorphin, serotonin, etc.) is essential for adequate bone regeneration. Given the fact that biologically active substances have a homeostatic effect and are involved in the regulation of various physiological functions, including the reparative regeneration of damaged tissues, the effects of non-pharmacological treatments on opioidergic brain regions are of great interest. Transcranial electrostimulation (TES) which applies current through scalp electrodes produces reparative, immunomodulatory and vegetotropic effects initiated through the involvement of opioid mechanisms.