Assessing the efficiency of centralized and distributed power supply systems for agricultural consumers

The aim of the work is to perform a comparative analysis of the centralized and distribu-ted power supply systems for agricultural consumers. To achieve this goal, an arbitrary district was selec-ted and divided into sectors of relatively equal area. The consumer load was calculated using the specific electricity consumption by the district's facilities. Agricultural enterprises producing milk were selected as facilities. The generating power plant was located at a distance from the district and transformer substa-tions in the centralized power supply system. The disturbed power supply system uses generating power plants being installed in sectors near transformer substations. The CAPEX and OPEX of power plants, an-nual fuel costs, as well as power and voltage losses in power transmission lines are analyzed. Expressions used to calculate the analyzed losses are found. These expressions define dependence of losses on only two parameters: the district area and the distance to the power source. The algorithm that automates the calculation of analyzed losses was developed. It implements the selection of the recommended nominal voltage and the power transmission line cross section. The considered district sectors loads are found. It is determined that CAPEX of power plants in the centralized power supply system is approximately 2.64 times less and OPEX is 1.65 times less than similar parameters in the disturbed power supply system. In turn, losses of active, reactive power and voltage in the disturbed power supply system are absent due to the close location of generating power plants to consumers. Using the developed algorithm for calculating the analyzed losses, implemented in Mathcad, the dependences of these losses on the distance to the source are calculated. The paper presents a comparative analysis of two power supply principles, which allows a designer to make a preliminary assessment of power and voltage losses in power lines used to supply electricity to the analyzed area, having a limited set of data about it.