Comparative tests of various sources of microelements in feeding chicken-broilers

Animals of modern breeds and crosses need more dietary minerals to realize more of their genetic potential but that leads to an increase in the ecological load. So the development of new sources of essential chemical elements with relatively less toxicity and higher bioavailability of the components are of relevance. Ultra-dispersed particles (UDP) are among prospective preparations. This is the first report on a comparative study of the effects of dietary Cu and Zn additives as UDP of the alloy, asparaginates and sulfates on performance and productivity of Smena 7 broiler chicks. The study showed greater availability, a more pronounced positive effect of Cu/Zn-UDP and the various impact of the forms studied on mineral metabolism. Dietary Cu/Zn-UDP accelerated bird growth by 3.9 % (P ≤ 0.05) compared to Cu and Zn mineral salts and by 4.7 % (P ≤ 0.01) compared to Cu and Zn asparaginates. Administration of Cu/Zn-UDP led to an increase in blood NO metabolites by 9.8 % (P ≤ 0.05), 21.0 % (P ≤ 0.01), 13.0 % (Р ≤ 0.05), and 11.0 % (Р ≤ 0.05) compared to the control on days 7, 14, 21 and 28, respectively. By the end of the study, blood erythrocytes and hemoglobin was 6.27 % higher (P £ 0.05) and 19.40 % higher (P ≤ 0.001) compared to the control and also 5.21 % higher and 12.60 % higher when compared to Cu and Zn asparaginates used. Replacement of copper mineral salt with dietary Cu/Zn-UDP and Cu asparaginate was accompanied by an increase in this element pool in the body of 42-day old broiler chickens by 51.6 % (P ≤ 0.01) and 13.2 %, respectively. By the end of the study, the zinc pool, on the contrary, decreased by 22.9 % compared to the control when Zn asparaginate was fed but exceeded the control by 12.5 % (P ≤ 0.05) when using Cu/Zn-UDP. Copper and zinc preparations used in various ways influenced on the exchange of a number of chemical elements in the body. Feeding with Cu/Zn-UDP and Cu and Zn asparaginates resulted in lower pools of Ni, Al, Sn and a significant increase in iodine and cobalt pools compared to control. A distinctive feature of Cu/Zn-UDP action from that of the asparaginates was an increase in Pb and Cd pools which could result from a change of the load on transport systems in the intestine when using Cu/Zn-UDP.