Secondary education in the educational culture of the Russian empire in the 19th century

The paper deals with secondary education in the Russian Empire of the 19th century that has always been an essential part of the culture of the country. The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of the imperial period for the development of Russian science and education. The research discusses the establishment of the secondary education system in the Russian Empire. In the 18th-19th centuries, the development of this system was an indispensable element of cultural evolution driven by many complex social factors and challenges of the era. By the middle of the 19th century, gymnasium teachers could be characterized as a stable social and professional group with their social niche and social status. The research investigates the legislative and sociocultural frameworks of the era as well.