Formation and development of flamenco dance as a philosophy of protest

The article considers a historical development of flamenco dance in terms of its initial integral element of protest. The author, basing on the flamenco researchers’ opinions (A.P. Klaramunt, F.G. Lorca, E.M. Andi etc.) analyzes the etymology of notion «flamenco» which has quite controversial meanings as well as he describes the main phases of flamenco art development since its originating in the 15th century up to the modern times. The article underlines a significance of protest and fight of the Gypsies for their freedom and independence which have been sublimated in flamenco music and dance. The symbols of protest and fight have been reflected in the rhythmic and plastic language of flamenco dance: specific movements, positions, rhythmic setting etc. In the frame of the philosophy of protest the article the spread of flamenco dance is considered on the territory of Russia.