Structural and functional characteristics of Sertoli cells focal option syndrome (immunohistochemical aspect)

Total Sertoli cell syndrome (SCO-syndrome) is often confused with focal signs of major manifestations of this syndrome, that are masking as its symptoms. SCO-syndrome is marked by the damage of the seminiferous tubules, threatening the normal functioning of Sertoli cells, but it is still possible to get a single sperm using advanced reproductive technologies. Here, perhaps, we are talking about a new phenotype of SCO-syndrome, in which the normal histarchitectonics of the seminiferous tubule is marked by the complete absence of germ cells, but the presence of mature Sertoli cells and normal Leydig cells in peritubular space. The second subtype: Sertoli cells and isolated spermatogonia are detected in the normally structured seminiferous tubules. In addition, it is important to study the synthetic and trophic function of Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells are immunonegative for prepubertal differentiation markers: Cytokeratin-18, Anti-Müllerian hormone and M2A-antigen, but show positive marking for connexin protein, vimentin and partially for smooth muscle actin. The complete absence of germ cells combined with a fully differentiated mature Sertoli cells in this case contradicts the known subtypes of SCO-syndrome and there is a hypothesis about the mutual regulation between the Sertoli cells and differentiating germ cells.