Subject structure of the factoring agreement as per the legislation of Russia, Belarus, Latvia: сomparative legal studies

The authors analyze the subject structure factoring agreement, which is directed to an assignment of the claim by the lender to factor in the case of the Republic of Belarus, Russia and Latvia. Comparative legal analysis of the subject composition of the factoring agreement in the Republic of Belarus, Russia and Latvia shows a lack of uniformity requirements for the participants of factoring relations. The direct participants (parties) of the financing contract traditionally has been the financial agent (factor) and the client. In the Republic of Belarus as a factor may act only banks and non-bank financial institutions, in Russia - as banks and specialized non-credit institutions (factoring organizations), Latvia virtually no requirements for parties of a factoring agreement, but a comprehensive analysis of the legal regulation financial services follow the licensing requirements of such activities. In our opinion, the existence of special rules contain requirements only to the parties to the contract called to play an important role for the development of factoring in any state. For banks and other credit organizations to act as financial agent of the financing agreements receivable financing without a special permit (license) implies a greater degree of practice of factoring in most countries of the world. As for the question of whether the licensing of financial agents (factors), it is necessary to take into account the fact that, theoretically, on the basis of international legal regulation of factoring any commercial organization with operations funding receivable financing, should be ready to assume the responsibilities for the management Accounting for the customer and provide him other financial services related to monetary claims are the subject of concessions. In this case, these services must meet certain eligibility requirements and be subject to control. Thus, it is important to ensure that the licensing quality standard factoring services. As for the second participant factoring - a client, usually there are no special requirements for this subject a contractual relationship. However, in the legal literature, the range of possible participants of the contract financing receivable financing (including client side) is often limited to commercial organizations and individual entrepreneurs. This is due to the fact that, in practice, a factoring agreement is designed to serve professional commercial turnover (commercial entities or individual entrepreneurs). The extension of the factoring agreement on the scope of civil legal relations involving citizens-consumers can lead to serious negative consequences in promoting and protecting the rights of consumers, who will have to face the professional market of financial services.