Suicidal mortality in the Tyumen Region (Western Siberia): risk factors and prevention strategies

Background. Decline in the mortality rate for suicide is one of the most important medical and social tasks, the solution of which is impossible without understanding the conditions and factors potentiating suicidal activity, assessing suicide risk groups, and analyzing the necessary measures to prevent suicidal behavior. In certain territories of the country, the suicide rate varies greatly, which indicates the importance of a comprehensive study of this problem in each region. Objective of the study. To evaluate the key socio-economic, medical, demographic and other indicators of the Tyumen Region (Western Sibe-ria) in association with the suicide mortality rate; to substantiate suicide prevention strategies. Material and Methods. Data from the Federal State Statistics Service on individual socio-economic, medical, demographic and other indicators of the Tyu-men Region in 2010 and 2023 were used. A comparative analysis with similar indicators for the Russian Federation and the Ural Federal District was conducted. Results. The Tyumen Region enjoys a relatively stable demographic situation and is demonstrating positive development trends. Furthermore, the suicide mortality rate exceeds the national average (13.2 per 100,000 population in 2023, compared to 7.8 per 100,000 in Russia), despite a slowdown in the decline recorded in recent years. A comprehensive analysis of key categories characterizing the region identifies several areas and factors that, if ad-dressed, could contribute to improvement. Non-medical factors associated with suicide risk may include family dysfunction with a high divorce rate, lower than national average incomes, and a high incidence of alcohol consumption during suicidal acts. Necessary preventive measures may include improving the quality and accessibility of care from mental health specialists, identifying individuals at high risk of suicide and those who have attempted suicide, measures to prevent alcohol abuse, includ-ing limiting the availability of sales, educational work among adolescents and young people, actively involving the media in popularizing knowledge, increasing income levels and strengthening the financial well-being of the population. Conclusion. To improve the situation and solve the problem, multifaceted coordinated work is required between the regional healthcare system, social services, and improved methods of work in the economic, social sphere, and youth policy. The region needs to develop a territorial prevention program with the involvement of all interested agencies and resources.