Light-induced total electrical activity of retina in models of particular disorders in vivo and in vitro

Aim: to conduct an electrophysiological study of functional state of retina under the influence of ophthalmological surgical and typical pathogenic factors on various experimental models. Material and Methods. Experimental registration of electroretinogram (ERG) and total receptor potential (TRP) in vivo and in vitro under influence of various pathogenic factors. Results. It was shown that there is a slight decrease in the amplitude of the ERG in the early postoperative period after vitreoretinal surgery in rabbits followed by almost complete restoration of the electroretinogram to its original values. Registration of electrical activity of isolated retina of amphibians showed a rapid inhibition of a-, b- and d-waves of ERG during anoxia and their recovery during re-oxygenation. TRP inhibition during anoxia is developed more slowly than ERG inhibition, but its recovery does not occur during re-oxygenation. Preparations of isolated retinas with preserved pigment epithelium were much more resistant to oxygen deficiency. The results are discussed from a neurophysiological point of view and are consistent with the paradigm of retinal remodeling in experimental pathology with the leading role of neural mechanisms. Conclusion. The most adequate and effective methodological approach to assess the impact of typical and specific pathogenetic factors on the overall functional state of the retina is to register the total electrical activity of the retina in models in vivo. Studies of more subtle changes at the receptor, neuronal and interneuronal levels under the influence of various extreme factors on the retina are more expedient to carry out on in vitro models with registration of both total and local activity.