Trends in the development of world trade in the context of global economic turmoil

The article is dedicated to studying modern trends in the development of world trade under the influence of global economic turmoil, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, increasing protectionism, and shifting consumer preferences. The author analyzes the impact of external shocks on international trade processes, as well as changes in the structure of trade flows and the strategies of companies and states. The material examines key factors influencing international trade, including trade barriers, digital technologies, and changing consumer preferences toward sustainability and environmental responsibility. Special attention is paid to the regionalization of trade flows driven by the need to diversify suppliers and reduce dependence on specific countries or regions. Using comparative analysis, economic-statistical methods, and a systematic approach, the dynamics of global exports and imports over the past five years were analyzed, revealing key trends such as the slowing growth of trade during crises and its subsequent recovery. The article explores the role of digital technologies, such as e-commerce and blockchain, which contribute to improving the efficiency and transparency of international transactions. The author studied the impact of global crises on international trade processes, including changes in supply and demand structures, disruptions in supply chains, and the adaptation of company and state strategies to new realities. Based on the obtained data, it was found that global upheavals contribute to changes in traditional trade routes, increased regional integration, and the growing role of digital technologies, which enhance the resilience and adaptability of world trade.