Trends in solving precision farming problems in the implementation plans of state and industrial programs

Precision farming is one of the most modern forms of world agriculture, providing a strategy for crop yields and product quality management, including that one based on data monitoring and forecasting vegetation process of each management unit within each particular field. In the EU countries, precision farming technologists are used by about 80% of farmers, in the USA - at least 60%. In Russia, certain elements of innovation are used only by 5-10% of manufacturers. The annual increase in the area of cultivated arable land using precision farming systems in Russia is about 3.5%, while the world figure exceeds 5%. Early and widespread development and implementation of domestic precision farming systems should be facilitated by appropriate government planning and support. This article provides an overview and analysis of the main state and sectoral programs that implement tasks in the field of precision farming, as an element of informatization and digitalization of agriculture. A detailed analysis of global and domestic trends in the intellectualization of agriculture, as well as state and sectoral policy documents in the field of informatization and digitalization of the industry, allows us to formulate the following main conclusions, applied to the tasks of precision farming: one of the relevant areas of using information technologies in agricultural production is precision farming; the most effective technologies for obtaining information are GIS technologies and Earth remote sensing; in Russia a number of policy documents of the state and industry level are planned to create conditions for the intensive development and implementation of digital technologies based on the use of precision farming. Despite the positive world experience, the degree of penetration of Earth remote sensing technologies within the framework of the precision farming concept into the practice of domestic agricultural enterprises is extremely low. As part of the development of the concept of the digital economy in Russia, additional targeted measures are needed in the form of laws, government programs and support measures.