Theoretical and methodological foundations for ensuring balanced regional development

This article is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations underpinning the achievement of balanced regional development. It critically examines diverse theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of balanced development, including the concepts of sustainable development and spatial development, with the aim of formulating a unified definition applicable within the context of regional economies. Particular emphasis is placed on identifying key factors determining the degree of balanced regional development, analyzing economic (economic diversification, level of innovative activity), social (standard of living, quality of education, healthcare accessibility), and environmental (environmental conditions, efficiency of natural resource management) aspects. A methodological toolkit is proposed, comprising a system of approaches to assessing the level of balanced regional development, enabling comparative analysis of regions and the identification of “bottlenecks” and priority development areas. Practical recommendations are presented for the development and implementation of strategies for balanced regional development, adapted to the specific characteristics of the region and aimed at achieving sustainable economic growth, improving the quality of life of the population, and ensuring environmental sustainability.