Typical defects of the top road surface in Russia

The article considers the main types of defects of the top road surface. The analysis of the reasons leading to their occurrence on the roads of Russia, from the point of view of the influence of heterogeneous factors is performed. The general state of roads in Russia and the northern Europe is compared. This helps us to draw a conclusion about the systematic occurrence of defects in the top road surface. The types of defects peculiar to Russian roads are revealed. All types of violations of the integrity of road surfaces are illustrated with photos that characterize the state of roads in different regions of the Russian Federation. For each photo fact of the top road surface defect, the probable causes of its occurrence are considered. Special attention is paid to the destruction of the top road surface caused by the presence of foreign objects inside the road. Based on the systematization and analysis carried out, we determine that climate and territorial factors practically do not affect the state of the Russian roads. The main reasons are financial, political, social and legal components, as well as the lack of responsibility and proper control over the construction of roads. Suggestions are made about the measures necessary to improve the quality of the top road surface.