Titanoniobates and thorium minerals in carbonatized fluid-explosive dikes of the middle timan

Rare-metal and thorium mineralization (uranium pyrochlore, niobaeschynite-(Ce), aeschynite-(Ce), thorite, and thorianite) was studied in the dike complex of fluid-explosive rocks of the Middle Timan. The source of thorium and rare-metal-rare-earth elements was carbonate-alkaline solutions of carbonatites, paragenetically associated with the formation of dike rocks.