Tractors and harvesters in agriculture of Omsk region

The aim of the study was to determine the general current state of the machine and tractor fleet of the agricultural industry in the Omsk region, the changes that have occurred in it over a twelve-year period from 2008 to 2020, and to identify trends in the technical modernization of the fleet of tractors and self-propelled agricultural harvesters. An analysis of information on the quantitative and brand composition of the machine and tractor fleet of the agricultural industry of the Omsk region for the period from 2008 to 2020 is presented, the changes in the structure of the machine and tractor fleet by the service life of tractors, self-propelled forage harvesting and grain harvesters are shown. The calculations and analysis of the results indicate that at present the overwhelming part of the machine and tractor fleet belonging to the sector of the agro-industrial complex of the region is beyond the established service life and is characterized as out-dated and extremely worn out. The renewal of the agricultural machine and tractor fleet of the Omsk region is proceeding at an insufficient pace. Over the past decade, the share of tractors that have been in operation for more than ten years has decreased by only 5.74% (from 93.14 to 87.4%), for combine harvesters this figure was 8.9% (from 76.32 to 67.42%). The exception to this rule in terms of the rate of renewal are forage harvesters, for which the share of machines that have been in operation for more than 10 years over a twelve-year observation period decreased by 31.5% (from 70.8 to 39.3%). Based on the calculations and available data, it was concluded that the solution to the problem of renewing the machine and tractor fleet of the Omsk region in the current conditions is impossible without state participation at the level of price regulation for industrial products consumed by the agricultural industry and products of agricultural enterprises.