The transformation of the culture of the indigenous peoples of the north as a result of ethnic contacts

As a result of the interethnic contacts of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic with representatives of European civilization, the traditional culture of reindeer herders, sea hunters, hunters of terrestrial animals, fishermen of river and lake systems, sea coasts, gatherers of taiga and sea goods was transformed and filled with non-ethnic elements and phenomena. The processes of cultural diffusion causing the penetration of non-ethnic elements into the culture of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic led to a gradual but inevitable transformation of certain ethnic and anthropological features. The studies have shown that changes occurred in all spheres of life: in the anthropological appearance, in the mechanisms of inheritance of biological traits as a result of the inclusion in the food model of foods that were not typical of the original genetics and physiology of aborigines; in the economic and cultural type as the consequences of environmental violations, the negative impact of companies extracting energy resources for the development of industry and strengthening of national defense capabilities; in traditional life-support complexes, extraction and use of various forms of energy due to the rapid spread of new materials, means of transport, work tools and technologies; in spiritual culture, language, beliefs, rituals, folklore, mentality, changing under the powerful influence of globalization processes. It seems important and relevant to analyze and identify the degree of the different civilization influence, the main vectors of the direction of cultural diffusion in the conditions of the modern communicative environment, which have the most transformative effect on the ethnocultural appearance of a particular society, to study the correlation of original and universal trends and prospects of this complex and long-term process, to predict options for further stable development of Arctic societies.