Criminal offenses under the securities market law of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: an overview of criminal justice and crime

Gislation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The authors emphasize the fact that the substantive criminal legislation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has a number of criminal offenses in the field of securities markets, which are insufficiently elaborated in terms of criminal legal theory. This assertion is confirmed by the rather scarce criminal, prosecutorial and judicial practice. The field is subject to constant changes, which makes it difficult to apply the rules. When analyzing the nature of these crimes, the difficulty lies in the complexity of the case itself, which requires special analytical and systematic, relevant specialized knowledge, as well as sufficient professional experience. For these reasons, it is necessary to interpret the rules by the comparative-legal method. After introductory etiological and phenomenological observations, the authors analyze the essence of the five criminal offenses in the FBiH Securities Market Act, pointing out the problems of complex blanket dispositions, the possibility of different criminal qualifications, the presence of a seemingly perfect confluence of criminal acts from the FBiH Securities Market Act and corresponding charges in the FBiH Criminal Code. In addition, they present relevant views on the legal distinction between criminal offenses and misdemeanors, i.e., the distinction between criminal offenses themselves and the application and modification of the rules. In the second part of the article, the authors point out the special role of individual actors and actions carried out in detecting, investigating and proving these crimes, providing relevant reviews and recommendations in the regulatory-operational sphere, all in order to combat securities-related crimes more effectively.