Universal and specific in folk sayings texts (on Russian and Finno-Ugric folklore data)

Semantic peculiarities of folk saying texts found in Russian speech, Prikamye folklore, Finno-Ugric cultures and languages (Komi, Udmurt and Mari) are described. Typological affinities of these folk sayings and their relatedness to traditional cultures complexes are revealed (magic, calendar and family ceremonies). Motivation, peculiarities of inner form, natural-science and mythological basis, logical and mythological implication of the folk sayings are analysed. Cultural associations of key words-symbols in the folk sayings that have direct equivalents in the studied languages and cultures are characterized, the structure and types of the used in the folk sayings symbols are described, conclusions concerning ethno-cultural peculiarities of this genre are made.