Soil fertility management based on intensification of biological factors in the farming systems

In the world practice of scientific agronomy, biologization is one of the dominant trends. The approaches to the development of biological farming systems in different scientific institutions and in countries vary. For this reason there is no complete clarity on this issue nowadays. The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of biological factors in farming systems. The analysis of the achievements of different scientific schools in the world agronomical science is carried out. The categorical and conceptual apparatus has been clarified. The authors have developed a classification of biological factors and methods of their intensification. The term "biologization of agriculture" dates back decades, even V.R. Williams pointed to a predominantly biological (natural) way of soil fertility reproduction with active agricultural operations. In our opinion, biologization is intensification and the most complete use of biological factors in the farming systems. Biologization has a great future for the countries of different levels of development. Long-term studies of a number of authors confirm the hypothesis that the factors of agricultural biologization can vary depending on the economic and natural conditions of a particular territory. It is the biologization of agriculture, based on the biological principles of the reproduction of agroecosystems, which include all the possible applications of biological factors for the formation of soil regimes, obtaining high agricultural yields and increasing soil fertility, is a transitional stage to organic farming. There is no doubt that it is impossible to transform the entire crop production of the region only to biological methods. This is due to the significant removal of nutrients with the harvest of the cultivated crops, and this removal varies greatly for different crops. Biological farming exclusively can be acceptable only in small areas and not in all natural and economic conditions.