The level of adaptability of red raspberries to the main stem and leaf spots in the conditions of the south of the Central Chernozem region of Russia

The paper considers two main diseases of raspberries that have a mass distribution in all regions of Russia and in the world - anthracnose and didymella. It is said that anthracnose is widespread to a greater or lesser extent in all available varieties of red raspberries in all regions of its cultivation. In the conditions of central Russia, the disease manifests itself in mid-June on annual shoots, in the form of single greyish-white spots with a wide brown-purple border. In most varieties, the disease begins to affect actively the pedicels and fruit twigs, as a result of which the still green, immature and completely unformed fruits are damaged. During wet periods of vegetation, during prolonged rains in summer, in favorable weather for the causative agent of the disease, anthracnose can affect strongly the drupes of berries, in this case, the industrial crop almost completely loses its presentation. Didymella, or purple spotting of raspberry shoots is widespread in all regions of raspberry cultivation, both in our country and abroad. This fungal disease manifests itself in the second half of summer, on young annual shoots at the place of attachment of the leaf petiole in the form of dark purple and brownish, gradually spreading spots, becoming brownish-brown by the end of the growing season, growing and encircling the entire main part of the shoot completely. In plants affected by didymella, there is an active, mass drying of shoots, leaves and the death of fruit buds in the autumn-winter period, a sharp decrease in winter hardiness and yield.