Oilseed radish yield and quality depending on the specifics of macro- and micro-fertilizers and bio-based products application in the Central Chernozem region

In 2019 and 2020 the effect of various doses, terms and methods of application of macro- and micronutrient fertilizers and biological product «Organic» on the yield and quality of oil radish seeds in the forest-steppe conditions of the Central Black Earth Region was studied. In a field experiment, mineral fertilizers were applied for oilseed radish in autumn for plowing in doses – N40P40K40, N80P80K80 and N40 and in spring for presowing cultivation – N40P40K40 and N40. In other variants of the experiment against the back-ground of N40P40K40 in autumn, foliar fertilizing with macro- and micronutrient fertilizers was carried out for plowing (“Plantofol”, “PolydonAmino Start”, “PolydonAminoMix”) and biological product “Organic”, which was also used for presowing seed treatment. The experiment was repeated four times, the plot area was 36 m2. The weather conditions varied between the years of the study. The studied technologies for the use of mineral fertilizers significantly increased the yield of oil radish seeds, and this was somewhat higher when they were introduced for the main tillage. In the total increase in the yield of this crop from the complete mineral fertilizer, with the studied periods of its application, the share of nitrogen accounted for more than 70 %. It was revealed that on average for 2019 and 2020 the largest and almost equivalent collection of oil radish seeds, provided the technology of cultivation using N80P80K80 in autumn for plowing and when, against the background of N40P40K40, one of the agricultural practices was carried out for the main soil cultivation: two foliar dressing with “Plantofol” (0.1 kg/ha) in phases 5–7 leaves and budding – the beginning of flowering, foliar feeding “PolydonAmino Start” (1.0 l/ha) in the phase of 5–7 true leaves and pre-sowing seed treatment with a biological product “Organic” (0.5 kg/t). The use of the studied macro- and micronutrient fertilizers somewhat reduced the oil content of oil-bearing radish seeds and increased their protein content, although this was not always reliable.