Productivity and Ecological Plasticity of Spring Soft Wheat Varieties of Different Ripeness Groups in the Subtaiga Zone of Western Siberia

Western Siberia is one of the country's leading regions for the production of high-quality spring wheat. An important role in solving the problem of increasing grain production and improving its quality belongs to the variety. In this regard, we conducted a study of six varieties of spring soft wheat of different ripeness groups in the subtaiga zone of the Omsk region on gray forest soil in 2022-2023. Studies have shown that of the studied medium early varieties, the Tarskaya 12 variety has a high ecological plasticity (IEP = 1.04-1.22), has a short growing season (76-97 days), low stem before harvesting (82 cm), good grain content of the ear and a weight of 1000 grains - 39.7 g. In terms of grain yield (4.11 t/ha), this variety is 10-22% higher than the medium early varieties Pamyati Azieva and Stolypinskaya 2, and it is characterized by the stability of its formation over the years. Among the mid-ripening spring wheat varieties, the Alabuga variety stands out for its good ecological plasticity, slightly shorter growing season, reduced stem, but longer ear length (8.4 cm) and the weight of 1000 grains is 41.5 g. The grain yield (5.04 t/ha) of the Alabuga variety is at the level of the Granni variety, but it is more stable over the years and of higher quality - by nature (753 g/l) and vitreousness (63%), the grain meets the requirements of the first class.