Yield and quality of spring wheat varieties using calculated doses of mineral fertilizers

In the forest-steppe of Western Siberia in 2023–2024, calculated doses of fertilizers were ap-plied. When adjusted for the increase (average dose of N35Р70) of 0.60 t/ha, the yield increased by 0.46 t/ha for the Silantiy variety, 0.49 t/ha for the Niva 55 variety, 0.50 t/ha for the Omskii Izumrud variety, and 0.52 t/ha for the Rusticano variety, which is 76.7–86.7% of the planned amount. When calculating the planned yield (N65P81), the increases were 0.65; 0.68; 0.71 and 0.71 t/ha, respectively, or 78.3–84.3% of the planned amout of 3.0 t/ha. The maximum protein content of the Omskii Izumrud variety was obtained when applying calculated doses of fertilizers for planting and planned yields, respectively, 15.1 and 15.4% (14.5 in the control). As in other varieties: Rusticano – 15.9 and 16.4 (15.7), Silantiy – 15.8 and 16.2 (15.4), Niva 55 – 16.0 and 16.0% (15.3). There was a similar effect on the gluten content: it increased, respectively, by varieties from 30.3 (in control) to 31.2 and 33.2%; from 30.9 to 32.9 and 33.7%; from 31.1 to 33.3 and 34.1%; from 33.1 to 33.9 and 34.4%. The maximum profitability of domestic consumption of mineral fertilizers for spring wheat from the Rusticano variety was 29.4% (calculated for planned yields) and 24.0% (for additives), while net income was 2,578 and 1,613 rubles/ha, respectively. For Omskii Izumrud, the corresponding figures were 29.4 and 19.5%, 2578 and 1303 p./ha, that is, slightly lower when calculating the dose for yield increase. The soft wheat variety also showed positive results: Niva 55 – 24.1 and 17.2%, 2113 and 1148 p./ ha; Silantiy – 18.8 and 10.2%, 1648 and 683 p./ha.