Yield and parameters adaptability of promising varieties of millet in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Samara region

The article presents the results of assessing the adaptive capacity and stability of promising varieties of millet in the nursery competitive test for 2014-2018 years. According to the results of the analysis of variance, a significant contribution to the variability of the feature makes the factor “year”. The creation of stable, stress-resistant varieties of millet will reduce their dependence on weather factors, which will lead to an increase in yield and product quality. The best conditions for the growth and development of genotypes were formed with a positive sign of the environment index (in 2014 Ij = 7.8; 2015 Ij = 6.7), the worst - with a negative (2016, 2017, 2018 Ij = - 7.5; - 5.6 and-1.6, respectively). Millet variety L-55 is characterized by a high-plastic variety of intensive type. Grades L-3957 and L-3993-medium-plastic and semi-intensive; grade-standard Saratovskoe 6 extensive type, weakly plastic. Varieties Constanta and L -3800 are well adapted to different environmental conditions, i.e. the most plastic. In the studied spectrum of varieties the most stable were characterized by Saratovskoe 6, Constanta and L-3957 with a stability coefficient of 0.73-0.83. The most optimal combination of homeostaticity with coefficient of variation was observed in promising varieties of millet Constanta (V = 23.4%, Hom = 37.2) and L-3957 (V = 22.9%, Hom = 35.9). All millet varieties of our selection have economic value (as = 74.5-78.3%). All millet varieties of our selection have managemental value (as = 74.5-78.3%). The variety of millet Constanta, which combines high productivity and environmental stability, has been transferred, and the promising variety L-3993 is recommended for transfer to the State variety testing in 2020.