The specific list of pests of medicinal cultures in the conditions of the Central Chernozem area (on the example of the Orel region)

Cultivated medicinal crops are the most important basis of the pharmaceutical, food, perfume and cosmetic industry. Consumer demand for high-quality plant raw materials is increasing annually. One of the main components of the cultivation of medicinal plants is their damage by pests and diseases. Losses caused by harmful objects in the medicinal plant growing include crop losses and reduction of product quality. Special aspects of the use of medicinal plant production provide strict restrictions on the use of chemical means of protection during their cultivation. Modern plant protection is effective only if it is based on the results of phytosanitary monitoring of entomological and phytopathological organisms in crops of cultivated medicinal plants. The issues of increasing plant resistance to harmful objects, a rational combination of organizational, economic and preventive measures with therapeutic or therapeutic effect, deep phytosanitary monitoring are relevant for growing medicinal plants. The article provides information on the species of pests of cultivated medicinal plants under the conditions of the Central Black Earth region (using the example of the Orel region). As a result of the studies, we identified phytophages belonging to the orders: Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera and Homoptera; to 39 families. gnawing (58.2%) and sucking (54.8%) are the most significant 2 groups among phytophages. The largest species and quantitative number of pests were found on plants of the families: Asteraceae, Apiaceae and Labiatae. For each kind of medicinal plant the dominant and potentially dangerous phyphagi of the root system, sprouts, vegetative and generative organs of plants are revealed, the degree of damages, the damaged organ and the character of damages are determined.