Perm province's owners of distilleries as agents of modernization in the 2nd half of 19th - early 20th century

The article deals with the participation of the owners of distilleries in the modernization of the economy of the Perm province, one of the most industrialized in the whole of the Russian Empire. Since the 18th century in the province dominated by mining and metals industry, which is closely related to each other. This has created significant imbalances in the industrial development of the region, as the rest of the industry either did not exist or were poorly developed. In the second half of 19th - early 20th century in the Perm province is widely developed the production of alcoholic beverages. The most successful owners of distilleries concentrated in their hands a large state. These have become a source of wealth for investment in different industries. Entrepreneurs rebuilt many distilleries: wooden hull was replaced by stone, installed steam, electric and oil engines, updated the main equipment. They also introduced new advanced technologies, including rectification. It is possible to increase the production volume and improve its quality. Owners of distilleries had a significant impact on agriculture of the Perm province. The use of potatoes for the manufacture of alcohol led to the expansion of its cultivation in many counties of the province, and the use of waste distillation fattening cattle became the basis for stimulating the development of animal husbandry. The owners of distilleries actively invest in different sectors. The first time they invested mainly in the production of malt and flour, which were necessary in the production of alcohol. Later, we began investing in brewing: distillers were built at least 13 breweries. In the last quarter of the 19th - 20th century distillers have expressed interest in the production of cloth and chemical products. They were based 3 woolen mills, chemical plants 4. Investments distillers in various industries allowed to significantly reduce the disparities in development of regional economy and satisfy the local market with various goods. Active business distillers enables you to count them active agents of modernization.