N.I. Pirogov's contribution to the development of limb surgery

A retrospective analysis of the scientific heritage of N.I. Pirogov was carried out. The genius of Russian medicine’s contribution to the development of limb surgery was presented. We have studied the areas of activity that will be interest to surgeons and orthopedic traumatologists: anatomical and physiological approach to the study of limb surgery, organ-preserving principles of surgical interventions on the limbs, postulates of military surgery, aspects of N.I .Pirogov’s philosophy in reconstructive limb surgery. The paper also describes Pirogov’s contribution to the improvement of surgical instruments in Russia.