Agrometeorological factors influence on harvest formation and soybean varieties grain quality

The studies were carried out in 2017-2020 in the subtaiga zone of the Omsk Region on gray forest soils. The purposeis to study the influence of agrometeorological factors on the growth, development and grain yield of Siberian soybean varieties in the subtaiga zone of the Omsk Region. It has been established that varieties SibNIIK have a short growing season - 315-100 days, Sibiryachka - 106; long - Cheremshanka - 112 days. The control variety Sibiryachka forms a high grain yield (2.89 t/ha). At the control level, the Cheremshanka variety has a yield of 2.59 t/ha. Varieties SibNIIK 315, Zolotistaya and Eldorado are significantly inferior to the control variety Sibiryachka in terms of grain yield by 0.39-0.49 t/ha, or 13.5 %. A close relationship between the grain yield of soybean varieties is manifested with the number of beans: r=0.95±0.08; medium - with plant density before harvesting (r=0.47±0.21) and weight of 1000 grains (r=0.41±0.22). The highest protein content (34.6 %) has the Zolotistaya soybean variety, and the collection of protein per hectare - Sibiryachka - 1006.5 kg. The yield of soybean grain and its protein content depend on the weather conditions of the growing season and the biological characteristics of the vari ety. There was a direct close relationship between grain yield and the sum of active temperatures (r=0.80±0.14) and an average direct relationship with the sum of precipitation (r=0.61±0.19) and HTC (r=0.49±0 ,21). There is a close relationship between the protein content in the grain and the sum of active temperatures (r=0.77±0.15). The most technologically advanced with a high attachment of the lower beans (17.5 cm) was the Cheremshanka variety, the Eldorado, Zolotistaya, Sibiryachka varieties were less efficient, and the SibNIIK 315 variety had the smallest 12.9 cm.