Influence of bacterial fertilizer on the biological activity of leached chernozem and cereal crops productivity

Utilization of a biological preparations with complex action for improving nitrogen plant nutrition by nitrogen fixationof associative microorganisms in a rhizosphere of cereal crops it is possible to kall as one of the innovative techniques in organic agriculture at resource-saving technologies. BioVays (microbiological fertilizer which provide nitrogen nutrition of cereal crops due to nitrogen fixation, it's a consortium of natural associative bacteria isolated from soil) and Rizoagrin (bacterial preparation on the basis of the strain Agrobacterium radiobacter) were used for seed treatment. Inoculation spring wheat seeds by associative nitrogen fixers at the minimum tillage in general had a stimulating effect on the soil biological activity in the wheat rhizosphere and contributed to the development of the nitrifying bacteria and microorganisms mobilizing phosphates which were useful for plant nutrition. The total number of microorganisms in the wheat rhizosphere in variants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in 2014-2015 were increased, on 16-17 % in comparison with control. In 2014, cellulolytic activity of the topsoil (0-20 cm) was 40.1-47.9 %, without significant differences in the variants of the experiment. In 2015 under a more favorable condition of humidity in the vegetation period (hydrothermal coefficient - 1.08), cellulolytic activity of soil in absolute value was higher than in 2014, amounting to 54.1-64.2 %. Seeds treatment by associative nitrogen fixers BioVays and Rizoagrin had increased wheat yield on 0.21 andt/hectare respectively. Agronomic efficiency of fertilizer - an indicator for the assessment of their impact on the yield. In conditions 2015 the increase of barley productivity on the fertilized variants had made 0.23-0.30 t/hectare, an agronomic recoupment of these variants - 3.8-4.3 kg of grain units on 1 kg of fertilizers, at the seeds bacterization the recoupment had increased up to 7.0-7.8 kg/kg of operating ingredient.