Impact of the digital ecosystem on the competitiveness of its companies: analysis of Russian practice using the example of the healthcare sector

With the advent of the digital economy, a sharp transformation of the entrepreneurial environment can be observed. One of the most significant directions of business transformation is the formation of digital ecosystems. Most often, an ecosystem represents an entire network of interconnected companies of various sizes; together, they form an integrated product that can be used by all organizations within the ecosystem. This product also enables companies to improve their competitive positions. Digitalization has had a significant impact on most sectors of the modern world, and the important field of healthcare has not been left aside. In recent years, both large and small companies involved in medicine have been joining ecosystem communities. The main effect of companies participating in ecosystems is the synergy between different participants. However, despite all the benefits of joining an ecosystem, there are potential risks that may deprive healthcare organizations of autonomy and control over certain business processes. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of ecosystem integration on the competitiveness of highly specialized companies operating in the healthcare sector, and to identify the factors for their successful integration into digital ecosystems. The results of the analysis confirm the hypothesis that, in the short term, participation in ecosystems does not always provide a significant competitive advantage. However, in the long term, companies can expect substantial profit growth, an increase in their market positions, and improved financial results due to the expansion and acquisition of a new client base.