The influence of ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes on the development of the “endurance” physical quality among martial artists of the city of Perm

Knowledge of genetic predisposition to certain types of sport activities will help improve the development of important physical qualities, and will also allow of scientifically based selection of the most promising athletes and adjustment of their training process. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between polymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2) and PPARGC1A (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling and schoolchildren not involved in sports. The sample for the investigation included 100 people, divided into Group I, which included martial artists, and a comparison group (Group II), which consisted of schoolchildren who did not participate sports. Studies were conducted using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in subjects aged 10 to 16 years, and polymorphisms G/A of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713) were identified. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and the comparison group was carried out. Significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype G/G (Fop 3.13>1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/A (Fop 2.76>1.96 at p=0.05) of the PPARGC1A gene. For athletes involved in jiu-jitsu and freestyle wrestling, it has been shown that genotypes G/G and G/A of the PPARGC1A gene can be used as markers to predict the formation of the physical quality endurance. The frequency of the total genetic score (TGS) calculated for the physical quality endurance based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2 and PPARGC1A genes in 100 subjects, varied from 0 to 100. Genetic analysis data is necessary in the process of training martial artists in sports schools: based on this data, it is possible to create individual training programs taking into account the genotype and physical fitness characteristics of a particular athlete.