The influence of the arrangement of sitches in the four-sit stations of grain cleaning machines on the efficiency of the separator

Post-harvest processing is a mandatory technique for harvesting grain seeds. The safety of grain and the timing of its subsequent storage depends on the timeliness and quality of cleaning. The efficiency of the air-sieve separators is affected by the layout of the sieve mills. In order to determine the most rational layout of the screen panels, three different options for their installation were investigated. In schemes No 1 and No 3, separation and ear sieves were placed in the upper tier. In the lower tier, in the first case, two underseeded sieve cloths were mounted. In the third variant, two sorting sieves were installed at the bottom, and a pitched surface was placed between the tiers, which had a slope in the opposite direction relative to the direction of movement of the grain pile. In scheme No 2, sorting and grate screens were installed in the upper tier, while the seeding and sorting sieves were sequentially mounted at the bottom. The studied schemes are used for preliminary, primary and secondary cleaning of grain material. As a result of experimental studies, the influence of different layouts of the sieve mill on the quality indicators of the grain heap of winter wheat was established. The best results were recorded during the operation of the experimental setup according to the third scheme. Thus, this arrangement provided the necessary requirements for seed cleaning when feeding up to 0,38 kg / (s · m), commodity - when feeding from 0,38 to 1,05 kg / (s · m) and preliminary - when feeding from 1,05 kg / (s · m) to 3,94 kg / (s · m). At the same time, the 1000 grains weight was 39,29 g at a capacity of 2 t / h, which is higher than when using schemes No 1 and No 2. Consequently, in air-sieve separators, it is most promising to install separation and ear sieves in the upper tier, then mount the pitched surface in the opposite direction relative to the movement of the pile, and two sorting sieves should be placed at the bottom, which will allow to obtain better grain.