The effect of coronavirus infection on coronary blood flow in endovascular treatment of acute myocardial infarction

Objective: to study the state of coronary blood flow after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction on the background of coronavirus infectionм. Materials and methods: The results of emergency intervention were analyzed in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction, who were divided into 2 equal groups of 25 patients each. In the first (control) group, the intervention was performed in patients without the presence of an infectious disease, and in the second (main) group, angioplasty with coronary artery stenting was performed against the background of coronavirus infection. The efficiency of restoring coronary blood flow was determined according to the methodology for estimating the number of coronary angiography frames for which the revascularized artery was filled with a contrast agent: up to 20 –– complete restoration of coronary blood flow from 20 to 40 –– partial, over 40 frames –– unrecoverable. The number of thrombotic complications and deaths after the intervention was recorded. Results: In the first group, the coronary blood flow was completely restored in 48%, partially in 40%, not restored in 12%, and in the second group, respectively, in 32%, 48% and 20% of patients. Thrombotic complications developed in the first group in 4% as a result of occlusion of the radial access artery. In the second group, 24% of patients had complications: occlusion of the radial in 12%, revascularized in 8%, adjacent previously traversed artery in 4%. There were no fatal outcomes in the first group, and in the second, in 8% of patients with coronary artery retrombosis, repeated intervention resulted in a fatal outcome. Conclusion: coronavirus infection negatively affects coronary blood flow and increases the number of thrombotic complications.