The influence of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of Camelina sativa in the conditions of the Middle Volga region

The article presents the results of effect of different doses and combinations of fertilizers on Camelina sativa on the introduction of various doses and combinations of mineral fertilizers in the Middle Volga region. The influence of different doses and combinations of fertilizers on productivity and quality of seed oil of Camelina sativa has been determined. The improvement of mineral nutrition contributes to the increase of germination and preservation of plants of red-haired seedling. The highest field germination was obtained with a combination of N90P90K0 - 243 pc./ m2. A high indicator of plant conservation (92.6%) was noted in variant N0P90K0. Nitric and potassium backgrounds help reduce the amount of weeds per unit area to 4.3-5.2 pcs / m2 and the air-dry weight of weeds increases (up to 4.2-4.5 g / m2). It has been determined that in all trials the use of fertilizers gave the greatest seed productivity compared with a control (without fertilizers). The fertilizers dose N60P60K60 increased productivity of Camelina sativa on 0.17 t/ha and oil percentage up to 40.7 %. The number of pods in one plant, depending on the diet, varied from 187 to 244 pieces. Increase in the dose of nitrogen contributed to an increase in the number of pods by 32 pieces, phosphorus - by 14 pieces. The maximum value of the number of pods from one plant was obtained against the background of N60P60K60 - 244 pieces. The weight of seeds from one plant varied depending on the background of feeding from 1.52 to 1.89 g. Nitrogen and phosphorus were the most conducive to an increase in the mass of 1000 seeds. The conducted analysis of variance showed that the Camelina sativa productivity was greatly influenced by fertilizers (38.3%). Besides, the article gives main agro chemical traits of soil, long-term study of nutrients in Camelina sativa yield and NPK content per 1 ton in basic and side Camelina products. It has been determined that Camelina plants can endure 68.15 kg of nitrogen per 1 ton of main product and 45.72 kg of side product with seeds and 22.42 kg of it with straw. The least amount of plants is phosphorus. Total with seeds (8.53 kg) and straw (3.69 kg) - 12.22 kg/t. The erucic acid content does not change significantly depending on fertilizers. However, the addition of N30P60 and N60P60K60 somewhat reduces the erucic acid content to 3.03-3.04%, relative to 3.07% in the control variant. When fertilizers are applied in various combinations, the oil content of seeds varies between 38.5-40.7%, while the fat content in the variant without fertilizers is 38.1%.