Influence of heightless on the emergence of compensative-adaptive reactions of different functional systems of the cosmonaute organism

Traditionally, K.E. Tsiolkovsky was recognized as the "father of cosmonautics", because he conducted the first scientific and theoretical development of questions connected with the assessment of the possible impact on the human body of the absence of gravity. At present, experimental work with laboratory modeling of weightlessness (immersion in water, staying in a horizontal position, limiting mobility) is widely deployed in our country. In these experiments, the absence of gravity on the medical indices of cosmonauts who completed their flight activity is analyzed, during which facts and regularities concerning the pathological state of various functional systems of their organisms were revealed. Particular attention is paid to the studies of skeletal muscles, cardiovascular, genitourinary and respiratory systems. Further study of the mechanisms of changing physiological functions in weightlessness will allow us to minimize its negative impact on the human body and make missions in a near-earth orbit more successful.